Search Results (19 total)

We propose a scheme for realizing controlled multiqubit quantum phase gates via the adiabatic evolution for trapped ions. Leveraging on the adiabatic operation, the scheme is tolerant to ambient noise and insensitive to the randomness of moderate fluctuations in experimental parameters. In our scheme, the ions are illuminated by lasers tuned to the first lower vibrational sideband or quasiresonant transition, the vibrational mode is not utilized as a data bus, and dark state evolution is required. The required gate operation time does not increase with the increasing number of qubits. This leads to a more efficient implementation of multiqubit gates than that of a series of one-qubit and two-qubit operations for quantum circuits and quantum algorithms.

We propose a potentially practical scheme, in combination with the Bell-state analyzer [X. L. Zhang , Phys. Rev. A 73, 014301 (2006)], to generate Bell states for two electron spins confined, respectively, to two distant C₆₀ fullerenes. To this end, we consider the endohedral fullerenes staying in single-walled carbon nanotubes and employ auxiliary mobile electrons and selective microwave pulses. The application and the experimental feasibility of our scheme are discussed.

We present the first observation of an instability in an expanding ultracold plasma. We observe periodic emission of electrons from an ultracold plasma in weak, crossed magnetic and electric fields, and a strongly perturbed electron density distribution in electron time-of-flight projection images. We identify this instability as a high-frequency electron drift instability due to the coupling between the electron drift wave and electron cyclotron harmonic, which has large wave numbers corresponding to wavelengths close to the electron gyroradius.

The beam-beam effects have been the dominating sources of beam loss and lifetime limitations in the Tevatron proton-antiproton collider [V. Shiltsev , Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 8, 101001 (2005)]. Electron lenses were originally proposed for compensation of electromagnetic long-range and head-on beam-beam interactions of proton and antiproton beams [V. Shiltsev , Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 2, 071001 (1999).]. Results of successful employment of two electron lenses built and installed in the Tevatron are reported by Shiltsev et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 244801 (2007); New J. Phys. 10, 043042 (2008)] and by Zhang et al. [X.-L. Zhang , Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 11, 051002 (2008)]. In this paper we present design features of the Tevatron electron lenses (TELs), discuss the generation of electron beams, describe different modes of operation, and outline the technical parameters of various subsystems.

We measure the expansion of an ultracold plasma across the field lines of a uniform magnetic field. We image the ion distribution by extracting the ions with a high-voltage pulse onto a position-sensitive detector. Early in the lifetime of the plasma (<20  μs), the size of the image is dominated by the time-of-flight Coulomb explosion of the dense ion cloud. For later times, we measure the 2D Gaussian width of the ion image, obtaining the transverse expansion velocity as a function of the magnetic field (up to 70 G). We observe that the expansion velocity scales as B^-1/2, explained by a nonlinear ambipolar diffusion model with anisotropic diffusion in two different directions.

In the collider run II, the Tevatron operates with 36 high intensity bunches of 980 GeV protons and antiprotons. Particles not captured by the Tevatron rf system pose a threat since they can quench the superconducting magnets during acceleration or at beam abort. We describe the main mechanisms for the origination of this uncaptured beam, and present measurements of its main parameters by means of a newly developed diagnostics system. The Tevatron electron lens is effectively used in the collider run II operation to remove uncaptured beam and keep its intensity in the abort gaps at a safe level.

We report the successful application of space-charge forces of a low-energy electron beam for improvement of particle lifetime determined by beam-beam interaction at a high-energy collider. In our experiments, an electron lens, a novel instrument developed for the beam-beam compensation, was set on a 980-GeV proton bunch at the Fermilab Tevatron proton-antiproton collider. The proton-bunch losses due to its interaction with the antiproton beam were reduced by a factor of 2 when the electron lens was operating. We describe the principle of electron lens operation and present experimental results.

By virtue of single-photon interference, we present how to realize a nonlocal N-qubit conditional phase gate, which might be quite useful for the synthesis of arbitrary entangled quantum states of remote qubits required by distributed quantum information processing. Without considering photon loss, our scheme would work in a repeat-until-success fashion with an automatic feedback line added. Even by taking photon loss into consideration, only the success probability is affected, not the gate fidelity.

Three-body recombination, an important collisional process in plasmas, increases dramatically at low electron temperatures, with an accepted scaling of T_e^-9/2. We measure three-body recombination in an ultracold neutral xenon plasma by detecting recombination-created Rydberg atoms using a microwave-ionization technique. With the accepted theory (expected to be applicable for weakly coupled plasmas) and our measured rates, we extract the plasma temperatures, which are in reasonable agreement with previous measurements early in the plasma lifetime. The resulting electron temperatures indicate that the plasma continues to cool to temperatures below 1 K.

We propose a scheme to generate cluster states of atomic qubits by using cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) and linear optics, in which each atom is confined in a resonant optical cavity with two orthogonally polarized modes. Our scheme is robust to imperfect factors such as dissipation, photon loss, and detector inefficiency. We discuss the experimental feasibility of our scheme.

We introduce a general displacement operator to investigate the unconventional geometric quantum computation with dissipation under the model of many identical three-level atoms in a cavity, driven by a classical field. Our concrete calculation is made for the case of two atoms, based on a previous scheme [S.-B. Zheng, Phys. Rev. A 70, 052320 (2004)] for the large-detuning interaction of the atoms with the cavity mode. The analytical results we present will be helpful for experimental realization of geometric quantum computation in real cavities.

We propose schemes to create cluster states and W states by many superconducting quantum-interference-device qubits in cavities under the influence of the cavity decay. Our schemes do not require auxiliary qubits, and the excited levels are only virtually coupled throughout the scheme, which could much reduce the experimental challenge. We consider the cavity decay in our model and analytically demonstrate its detrimental influence on the prepared entangled states.

We propose a potential scheme for carrying out two-qubit unconventional geometric logic gates on two identical three-level atoms in a cavity, strongly driven by a resonant classical field. Compared to a previous scheme [S. B. Zheng, Phys. Rev. A 70, 052320 (2004)] based on the large-detuning interaction of the two identical three-level atoms with the cavity mode, our scheme can, in principle, achieve a faster gating because of the resonant coupling of the atoms to the classical field. We present the two-qubit unconventional geometric phase gates in both an ideal cavity and a real cavity with decay. Discussions about the fidelity and the success probability of the proposed scheme as well as the experimental feasibility are made in detail.

Applying a radio-frequency electric field to an expanding ultracold neutral plasma leads to the observation of as many as six peaks in the emission of electrons from the plasma. These are identified as collective modes of the plasma and are in qualitative agreement with a model of Tonks-Dattner resonances, electron sound waves propagating in a finite-sized, inhomogeneous plasma. Such modes may provide an accurate method to determine the time-dependent electron temperature.

Quantum cluster states and entangled-state analyzers are essential to measurement-based quantum computing. We propose to generate a quantum cluster state and to make a multipartite entanglement analyzer by using noninteracting free electrons or conduction electrons in quantum dots, based on polarizing beam splitters, charge detectors, and single-spin rotations. Our schemes are deterministic without the need of qubit-qubit interaction.

The Tevatron in Collider Run II (2001–present) is operating with 6 times more bunches, many times higher beam intensities and luminosities than in Run I (1992–1995). Electromagnetic long-range and head-on interactions of high intensity proton and antiproton beams have been significant sources of beam loss and lifetime limitations. We present observations of the beam-beam phenomena in the Tevatron and results of relevant beam studies. We analyze the data and various methods employed in operations, predict the performance for planned luminosity upgrades, and discuss ways to improve it.

A vertical coupled-bunch instability was observed for a positron beam at the Beijing Electron Positron Collider (BEPC). The experimental results show that the instability has similar characteristics as that observed in the Photon Factory of KEK several years ago. The instability at BEPC can be explained by the effect of an electron cloud which is produced in the beam chamber by synchrotron light hitting the wall.

Effects of a prepulse on γ-ray radiation have been investigated experimentally using 150-fs laser pulses at an irradiance of Iλ²∼5×10¹⁵ Wcm^-2μm² focused on copper targets. The fraction of high energy photons (>100 keV) has been found to be greatly enhanced by introducing an 8% prepulse at 70 ps before the main pulse. Measurements have shown that a hot electron temperature as high as 83 keV has been produced at such a modest irradiance.