|
Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams
Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams, is a peer reviewed, purely electronic journal, distributed without charge to readers and funded by contributions from national laboratories. It covers the full range of accelerator science and technology: subsystem and component technologies, beam dynamics; accelerator applications; and design, operation, and improvement of accelerators used in science and industry. This includes accelerators for high energy and nuclear physics, synchrotron radiation production, spallation neutron sources, medical therapy, and intense beam applications. More...
October 13, 2009 The first update to REVTeX since 2001 is now available. REVTeX 4.1 includes bug fixes, improved functionality, and support for a wider range of journals, including those of the American Institute of Physics (AIP). REVTEX 4.1 was developed jointly by APS, AIP, and Arthur Ogawa. Additional work was done by Patrick Daly to incorporate our suggested improvements into his natbib package to address many new features concerning bibliographies. For more information, please visit http://authors.aps.org/revtex4/. More News/Announcements
|
April 27, 2009 Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams is offering a Special Edition for the 2009 Particle Accelerator Conference that will be held May 4-8, 2009 in Vancouver, Canada. This Special Edition offers the opportunity to expand upon original research presented at PAC09 in a peer-reviewed journal. More Information.... More News/Announcements
|
March 13, 2009 Starting March 2009, the PRST-AB web site features selected "cover"
images extracted from recently published papers. Selections are based on
aesthetics; in making our selection we look for attractive and
interesting graphics. If a choice must be made between several promising
contenders, we will also consider the contents both of the image and of
its associated paper. The image will be identified by the title of the
paper; there will also be a link to the article. The image itself may be
slightly modified. Kaleidoscope images, one per issue, rotate
on the main web site and may be browsed in an archive. The PRST-AB image archive already
contains some interesting PRST-AB images which have caught our attention
during the last couple of months. Read More | More News/Announcements
|
December 1, 2008
We deeply regret the passing of our friend and colleague, Robert H. Siemann, on September 16, 2008. He was the founding Editor of Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams. We are now publishing a dedicated section of essays in memory of Bob Siemann. The essays are from different angles of Bob’s remarkable career and life. We hope these anecdotes and educational remarks are a benefit to our readers.
Read More | More News/Announcements
|
October 7, 2008 We deeply regret the passing of our friend and colleague, Robert H. Siemann, on September 16, 2008. He was the Editor of Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams from its founding in 1998 through 2007, when he stepped down for health reasons—not without ensuring a smooth and efficient transition to his successors.
Read More | More Editorials
|
May 22, 2008 Accelerator science and technology have evolved as accelerators became larger and important to a broad range of science. Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams was established to serve the accelerator community as a timely, widely circulated, international journal covering the full breadth of accelerators and beams. The history of the journal and the innovations associated with it are reviewed.
Read More | More Editorials
|
May 5, 2008 On 14 May 2008, Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams is celebrating its 10th anniversary. PRST-AB was founded by Robert Siemann and the APS in 1998 to provide the accelerator community with its own journal, covering all aspects of accelerators from fundamental physics to technology.
Read More | More News/Announcements
|
January 10, 2008 Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams is offering a Special Edition for the 11th European Particle Accelerator Conference that will be held June 23-27, 2008 in Genoa, Italy. This Special Edition offers the opportunity to expand upon original research presented at EPAC 2008 in a peer-reviewed journal. APS would like to acknowledge the financial contribution made by EPAC'08 in support of the journal. More Information.... More News/Announcements
|
Affilitated Professional Groups
The Division of Physics of Beams of the American Physical Society and the European Physical Society Accelerators Group serve as Affiliated Professional Groups for Physical Review Topics Special Accelerators and Beams. Together they share the responsibility for the health and vitality of the journal by providing advice and encouraging scholarly publication in accelerator science and technology.
Sponsors
Because of the generous support by sponsors, this journal is provided without charge to either authors or readers; no subscription is necessary. For more information about becoming a sponsor, please contact the Editor, Frank Zimmermann.
Physical Review Special Topics — Accelerators and Beams (PRST-AB) publishes Conference Editions, Special Editions and Special Collections. The Special and Conference Editions are associated with accelerator conferences, and the Special Collections bring together the work of groups and collaborations.
More Information»
Review articles in Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams examine active areas of research in a form that is useful to both practitioners and people entering the field. Progress on the topic is analyzed critically, the most successful methods identified, and areas for future development suggested.
Review Articles
Steven M. Lund, Takashi Kikuchi, and Ronald C. Davidson
Self-consistent Vlasov-Poisson simulations of beams with high space-charge intensity often require specification of initial phase-space distributions that reflect properties of a beam that is well adapted to the transport channel—both in terms of low-order rms (envelope) properties as well as the ...
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 12, 114801
] Published Thu Nov 19, 2009
Read article
Roger M. Jones
The transverse wakefield excited by multiple bunches in ultrarelativistic charged particle beams in a linear collider must be adequately damped in order to preserve the luminosity of the colliding beams and to prevent a beam breakup instability developing. A review of the means of achieving this wak...
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 12, 104801
] Published Thu Oct 8, 2009
Read article
Edgar Mahner
During high-intensity heavy-ion operation of several particle accelerators worldwide, large dynamic pressure rises of orders of magnitude were caused by lost beam ions that impacted under grazing angle onto the vacuum chamber walls. This ion-induced desorption, observed, for example, at CERN, GSI, a...
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 11, 104801
] Published Wed Oct 29, 2008
Read article
Ute Linz and Jose Alonso
After many years on the periphery of cancer therapy, the successes of proton and ion beams in tumor therapy are gradually receiving a higher degree of recognition. The considerable construction and acquisition costs are usually invoked to explain the slow market penetration of this favorable treatme...
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 10, 094801
] Published Mon Sep 24, 2007
Read article
Zhirong Huang and Kwang-Je Kim
High-gain free-electron lasers (FELs) are being developed as extremely bright sources for a next-generation x-ray facility. In this paper, we review the basic theory of the start-up, the exponential growth, and the saturation of the high-gain process, emphasizing the self-amplified spontaneous emiss...
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 10, 034801
] Published Mon Mar 12, 2007
Read article
F. Zimmermann
Electrons generated and accumulated inside the beam-pipe form an “electron cloud” that interacts with a charged particle beam. If the number of electrons is sizable, this beam-cloud interaction can give rise to a two-stream instability, resulting in beam loss or emittance growth. The instability...
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 7, 124801
] Published Tue Dec 21, 2004
Read article
Ronald C. Davidson, Igor Kaganovich, Hong Qin, Edward A. Startsev, Dale R. Welch, David V. Rose, and Han S. Uhm
This paper presents a survey of the present theoretical understanding of collective processes and beam-plasma interactions affecting intense heavy ion beam propagation in heavy ion fusion systems. In the acceleration and beam transport regions, the topics covered include discussion of the conditions...
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 7, 114801
] Published Wed Nov 17, 2004
Read article
Ian D. Smith
Induction voltage adders (IVA) and induction accelerators of various types are described and their principles and advantages are discussed. The designs and technologies used in the various subsections and components of high-current IVAs are described. Some features of the pulse power that drives IVA...
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 7, 064801
] Published Mon Jun 14, 2004
Read article
Steven M. Lund and Boris Bukh
The transverse evolution of the envelope of an intense, unbunched ion beam in a linear transport channel can be modeled for the approximation of linear self-fields by the Kapchinskij-Vladimirskij (KV) envelope equations. Here we employ the KV envelope equations to analyze the linear stability proper...
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 7, 024801
] Published Wed Feb 11, 2004
Read article
Luca Giannessi
The high brightness electron beam required by a short wavelength self-amplified spontaneous emission free-electron laser (FEL) may be reached only with an accurate design of the beam dynamics from the generation in the rf injector up to the undulator. The beam dynamics is affected by strong self-con...
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 6, 114802
] Published Mon Nov 10, 2003
Read article
L. Nadolski and J. Laskar
Frequency map analysis [J. Laskar, Icarus 88, 266 (1990)] is used here to analyze the transverse dynamics of four third generation synchrotron light sources: the ALS, the ESRF, the SOLEIL project, and Super-ACO. Time variations of the betatron tunes give additional information for the global dynamic...
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 6, 114801
] Published Tue Nov 4, 2003
Read article
Recently published articles in Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams. See the current issue for more.
Pulsed-Power Accelerators, Technology, and Dynamics
Xin-Bing Cheng, Jin-Liang Liu, Yu Zhang, Jia-Huai Feng, and Bao-Liang Qian
The flat voltage of the main pulse on the load of intense electron-beam accelerators (IEBA) is one of the important factors which affect the quality and characteristic of the output beam current of IEBA. In this paper, the effect of the transition section between the Blumlein pulse forming line (BPF...
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 12, 110401
] Published Tue Nov 17, 2009
Read article
Synchrotron Radiation and Free-Electron Lasers
Yasunori Tanimoto, Tohru Honda, and Shogo Sakanaka
Sudden decreases in the beam lifetime, which are attributed to the dust trappings, sometimes occur at the electron storage ring Photon Factory Advanced Ring (PF-AR). Since these dust events cause difficulties in user operations, we have been carefully observing this phenomenon for many years. Our ob...
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 12, 110702
] Published Mon Nov 16, 2009
Read article
J. Gardelle, L. Courtois, P. Modin, and J. T. Donohue
A few years ago a new theory for producing coherent Smith-Purcell (SP) radiation from an initially continuous beam was proposed. This experiment confirms that two-dimensional theory. The beam was typically 10 cm wide, a few mm thick, with a peak current of 200 A and beam energy of 85 keV. The 10...
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 12, 110701
] Published Mon Nov 9, 2009
Read article
J. Qiang, R. D. Ryne, M. Venturini, A. A. Zholents, and I. V. Pogorelov
In this paper we report on large-scale high resolution simulations of beam dynamics in electron linacs for the next-generation x-ray free electron lasers (FELs). We describe key features of a parallel macroparticle simulation code including three-dimensional (3D) space-charge effects, short-range st...
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 12, 100702
] Published Wed Oct 14, 2009
Read article
High-Energy Accelerators and Colliders
Yi-Peng Sun (孙一鹏), Ralph Assmann, Javier Barranco, Rogelio Tomás, Thomas Weiler, Frank Zimmermann, Rama Calaga, and Akio Morita (森田 昭夫)
Modern colliders bring into collision a large number of bunches to achieve a high luminosity. The long-range beam-beam effects arising from parasitic encounters at such colliders are mitigated by introducing a crossing angle. Under these conditions, crab cavities (CC) can be used to restore effectiv...
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 12, 101002
] Published Wed Oct 14, 2009
Read article
G. S. Nusinovich, D. Kashyn, and T. M. Antonsen
High-gradient accelerating structures should operate reliably for a long time. Therefore studies of various processes which may lead to disruption of such an operation are so important. In the present paper, the dissipation of rf electromagnetic energy in metallic microparticles is analyzed accounti...
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 12, 101001
] Published Tue Oct 13, 2009
Read article
New Acceleration Techniques
W. van Dijk, M. J. van der Wiel, and G. J. Brussaard
A new scheme for the compression of electron bunches is proposed. This scheme uses a plasma wave generated by a high intensity laser pulse to compress an electron bunch produced by a typical rf photogun. In the scheme, the electron bunch is injected into a plasma channel in front of the high intensi...
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 12, 111302
] Published Thu Nov 12, 2009
Read article
A. I. Titov, B. Kämpfer, and H. Takabe
We analyze μ+μ- pair production generated by high-energy electrons emerging from a laser-wakefield accelerator. The μ+μ- pairs are created in a solid thick high-Z target, following the electron accelerating plasma region. Numerical estimates are presented for 1 to 10 GeV electron beams which ar...
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 12, 111301
] Published Wed Nov 11, 2009
Read article
T. Plettner, R. L. Byer, C. McGuinness, and P. Hommelhoff
We propose a dielectric photonic structure for ultrafast deflection and focusing of relativistic charged particle beams. The structure is designed to transform a free-space laser beam into a deflection force that acts on the free particles with the same optical phase over a distance of travel that i...
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 12, 101302
] Published Mon Oct 26, 2009
Read article
S. Becker, P. B. Hilz, F. Grüner, and D. Habs
Laser-plasma accelerators are expected to deliver electron bunches with high space charge fields. Several recent publications have addressed the impact of space charge effects on such bunches after the extraction into vacuum. Artifacts due to the approximation of retardation effects are addressed, w...
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 12, 101301
] Published Thu Oct 22, 2009
Read article
Radio Frequency Calculations and Technology
A. Grudiev, S. Calatroni, and W. Wuensch
A new local field quantity is presented which gives the high gradient performance limit of accelerating structures due to vacuum rf breakdown. The new field quantity, a modified Poynting vector Sc, is derived from a model of the breakdown trigger in which field emission currents from potential break...
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 12, 102001
] Published Mon Oct 26, 2009
Read article
Magnet Calculations and Technology
Nicholas Sammut, Luca Bottura, Guy Deferne, and Walter Venturini Delsolaro
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN is equipped with a feed-forward control system known as the field description for the LHC (FiDeL) which is designed to predict the magnetic field and its multipoles, hence reducing the burden on beam based feedback. FiDeL consists of a physical and empirical p...
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 12, 102401
] Published Tue Oct 27, 2009
Read article
Beam Control, Diagnostics, and Feedback
Shaoheng Wang, J. C. Dooling, K. C. Harkay, R. L. Kustom, and G. E. McMichael
The rapid cycling synchrotron of the intense pulsed neutron source at Argonne National Laboratory normally operates at an average beam current of 14 to 15 μA, accelerating protons from 50 to 450 MeV 30 times per second. The beam current is limited by a single-bunch vertical instability that o...
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 12, 102802
] Published Tue Oct 27, 2009
Read article
S. Becker, M. Bussmann, S. Raith, M. Fuchs, R. Weingartner, P. Kunz, W. Lauth, U. Schramm, M. El Ghazaly, F. Grüner, H. Backe, and D. Habs
The application of quadrupole devices with high field gradients and small apertures requires precise control over higher order multipole field components. We present a new scheme for performance control and tuning, which allows the illumination of most of the quadrupole device aperture because of th...
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 12, 102801
] Published Mon Oct 19, 2009
Read article
Other Accelerator Subsystems and Technologies
S.-d. Park, J.-h. Kim, J. Han, M. Yoon, S. Y. Park, D. W. Choi, J. W. Shin, and J. H. So
Recent measurement of voltage V and current I of the electron gun of a relativistic klystron amplifier revealed that the resulting current-voltage relationship appeared to differ from the usual Child-Langmuir law (I∝V3/2) especially during the initial period of voltage increase. This paper attempt...
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 12, 113502
] Published Tue Nov 17, 2009
Read article
Jaeeun Han, Jung-ho Kim, Sang-duck Park, Moohyun Yoon, Soo Yong Park, Do Won Choi, Jin Woo Shin, and Joon Ho So
A coaxial-type water load was used to measure the voltage output from a Marx generator for a high power microwave source. This output had a rise time of 20 ns, a pulse duration of a few hundred ns, and an amplitude up to 500 kV. The design of the coaxial water load showed that it is an ideal res...
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 12, 113501
] Published Mon Nov 9, 2009
Read article
Single-Particle Dynamics
Stephen G. Peggs and Valentina Previtali
The grazing function g is introduced—a synchrobetatron optical quantity that is analogous (and closely connected) to the Twiss and dispersion functions β, α, η, and η′. It parametrizes the rate of change of total angle with respect to synchrotron amplitude for grazing particles, which just t...
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 12, 114001
] Published Mon Nov 2, 2009
Read article
Low-Energy, Multiple-Particle Dynamics
O. Boine-Frankenheim and V. Kornilov
The effect of space charge and image currents on the transverse Schottky spectrum for bunched beams has been investigated using simulations combined with an analytic model. We found a good agreement between the shifts of synchrotron satellites observed in the simulation noise spectrum and a simplifi...
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 12, 114201
] Published Fri Nov 20, 2009
Read article
A. R. Rossi, A. Bacci, L. Serafini, C. Maroli, and V. Petrillo
A form is given of the retarded electric field and magnetic induction generated by the motion of a charged particle that expresses these fields as integrals of the retarded charge density only, with kernels depending on the charge velocity and acceleration fields. In the case of a single pointlike c...
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 12, 104202
] Published Tue Oct 20, 2009
Read article
Relativistic, Multiple-Particle Dynamics
G. V. Stupakov and I. A. Kotelnikov
We study an impedance due to coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR) generated by a short bunch of charged particles passing through a dipole magnet of finite length in a vacuum chamber of a given cross section. In our method we decompose the electromagnetic field of the beam over the eigenmodes of the...
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 12, 104401
] Published Fri Oct 30, 2009
Read article
Applications
Valery Shemelin
An algorithm for optimization of the multicell cavity cells is proposed. Inner cells are optimized for minimal losses or minimal magnetic field, when the aperture diameter, Epk/Eacc—the ratio of peak electric field to the accelerating field, and the wall slope angle are given. Optimization of the ...
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 12, 114701
] Published Wed Nov 11, 2009
Read article
Review Articles
Steven M. Lund, Takashi Kikuchi, and Ronald C. Davidson
Self-consistent Vlasov-Poisson simulations of beams with high space-charge intensity often require specification of initial phase-space distributions that reflect properties of a beam that is well adapted to the transport channel—both in terms of low-order rms (envelope) properties as well as the ...
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 12, 114801
] Published Thu Nov 19, 2009
Read article
Errata
David H. Dowell and John F. Schmerge
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 12, 119901
] Published Thu Nov 12, 2009
Read article
A. Burov
[Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 12, 109901
] Published Mon Oct 12, 2009
Read article
Papers recently accepted for publication in Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams (view more).
Low- and Intermediate-Energy Accelerators
Superconducting, energy variable heavy ion linac with constant \beta, multicell cavities of CH type
S. Minaev, U. Ratzinger, H. Podlech, M. Busch and W. Barth
An energy variable ion linac consisting of multi-gap, constant-b cavities was developed. The effect of phase sliding, unavoidable in any constant-b section, is leading to a coherent RF phase motion, which fits well to the H-type structures with their long p-mode sections and separated lenses. The exact periodicity of the cell lengths within each cavity results in technical advantages, such as higher calculation accuracy when only one single period can be simulated, simpler manufacturing and tuning. This is most important in case of superconducting cavities. By using this concept, an improved design for a 217 MHz cw superconducting heavy ion linac with energy variation has been worked out. The small output energy spread of 3 AkeV is provided over the whole range of energy variation from 3.5 to 7.3 AMeV. These capabilities would allow for a competitive research in the field of radiochemistry and for a production of Super Heavy Elements (SHE), especially. A first 19 - cell cavity of that type was designed, built and RF tested successfully at the Institute for Applied Physics (IAP) Frankfurt. A 325.224 MHz, 7-cell cavity with constant b = 0.16 is under development and will be operated in a frequency controlled mode. It will be equipped with a power coupler and beam tests with UNILAC beams at GSI are foreseen.
Accepted Tue Nov 10, 2009
Pulsed-Power Accelerators, Technology, and Dynamics
55 TW magnetically insulated transmission line system: Design, performance, and simulations
W. A. Stygar, P. A. Corcoran, H. C. Ives, R. B. Spielman, J. W. Douglas, B. A. Whitney, M. A. Mostrom, T. C. Wagoner, C. S. Speas, T. L. Gilliland, G. A. Allshouse, R. E. Clark, G. L. Donovan, T. P. Hughes, D. R. Humphreys, D. M. Jaramillo, M. F. Johnson, J. W. Kellogg, R. J. Leeper, F. W. Long, T. H. Martin, T. D. Mulville, M. D. Pelock and B. P. Peyton
We describe herein a system of self magnetically insulated vacuum transmission lines (MITLs) that operated successfully at 20 MA, 3 MV, and 50 TW. The system delivered the electromagnetic power pulse generated by the Z accelerator to a physics-package load on over 1700 Z shots. The system included four levels that were electrically in parallel. Each level consisted of a water flare, vacuum-insulator stack, vacuum flare, and 1.3-mradius conical outer MITL. The outputs of the four outer MITLs were connected in parallel by a 7.6-cm-radius 12-post double-post-hole vacuum convolute. The convolute added the currents of the four outer MITLs, and delivered the combined current to a single 6-cm-long inner MITL. The inner MITL delivered the current to the load. The total initial inductance of the stack-MITL system was 11 nH. A 300-element transmission-line circuit model of the system has been developed using the TL code. The model accounts for the following: (i) impedance and electrical length of each of the 300 circuit elements, (ii) electron emission from MITL-cathode surfaces wherever the electric field has previously exceeded a constant threshold value, (iii) Child-Langmuir electron loss in the MITLs before magnetic insulation is established, (iv) MITL-flow-electron loss after insulation, assuming either collisionless or collisional electron flow, (v) MITL-gap closure, (vi) energy loss to MITL conductors operated at high lineal current densities, (vii) time-dependent self-consistent inductance of an imploding z-pinch load, and (viii) load resistance, which is assumed to be constant. Simulations performed with the TL model demonstrate that the nominal geometric outer-MITL-system impedance that optimizes overall performance is a factor of ~3.3 greater than the convolute-load impedance, which is consistent with an analytic model 3 of an idealized MITL-load system. Power-flow measurements demonstrate that, until peak current, the Z stack-MITL system performed as expected. TL calculations of the peak electromagnetic power at the stack, stack energy, stack voltage, outer-MITL current, and load current, as well as the pinch-implosion time, agree with measurements to within 5%. After peak current, TL calculations and measurements diverge, which appears to be due in part to the idealized pinch model assumed by TL. The results presented suggest that the design of the Z-accelerator's stack-MITL system, and the TL model, can serve as starting points for the design of stack-MITL systems of future superpower accelerators.
Accepted Mon Sep 28, 2009
Synchrotron Radiation, Free-Electron Lasers, and Coherent Radiation Sources
Beam dynamics and expected performance of Sweden's new storage ring light source: MAX IV
S. C. Leemann, A. Andersson, M. Eriksson, L. J. Lindgren, E. Wallen, J. Bengtsson and A. Streun
MAX IV will be Sweden's next-generation high-performance synchrotron radiation source. The project has recently been granted funding and construction is scheduled to begin in 2010. User operation for a broad and international user community should commence in 2015. The facility is comprised of two storage rings optimized for different wavelength ranges, a linac-based short-pulse facility and a free-electron laser for the production of coherent radiation. The main radiation source of MAX IV will be a 528nbsp;m ultra-low emittance storage ring operated at 3nbsp;GeV for the generation of high-brightness hard X-rays. This storage ring was designed to meet the requirements of state-of-the-art insertion devices which will be installed in nineteen 5nbsp;m long dispersion-free straight sections. The storage ring is based on a novel multi-bend achromat design delivering an unprecedented horizontal bare lattice emittance of 0.33nbsp;nmnbsp;rad and a vertical emittance below the 8nbsp;pmnbsp;rad diffraction limit for 1nbsp;#197; radiation. In this paper we present the beam dynamics considerations behind this storage ring design and detail its expected unique performance.
Accepted Mon Nov 16, 2009
Relativistic, Multiple-Particle Dynamics
Incoherent effect of space charge and electron cloud
G. Franchetti, I. Hofmann, W. Fischer and F. Zimmermann
Trapping by resonances or scattering off resonances induced by space charge (SC) or electron cloud (EC) in conjunction with synchrotron motion can explain observations of slow beam loss and emittance growth, which are often accompanied by changes in the longitudinal beam profile. In this paper we review the recent progress in understanding and modeling of the underlying mechanisms, highlight the differences and similarities between space charge and electron cloud, and discuss simulation results in the light of experimental observations, e.g., at GSI, CERN and BNL. In particular we address the role of the pinched electrons and describe in detail the complexity of the electron pinch formation. We present simulation results within a dipole or in a field-free region of the beam pipe, which reveal the morphology and main features of this phenomenon, explain the physical origin of the complex electron structures like "stripes" in either field configuration, and discuss the dependence on some key parameters.
Accepted Wed Oct 14, 2009
All Accepted Papers
|
Did you know?
Some of our articles are completely free to read; no subscription required.
|
|
News, Announcements, and Editorials
More News
|
